【学习目标】
一、语音
1.单词重读
`present `peak tram `actually `marry `dentist `temple `recently
`closing `safely `open `lonely `lucky `project `interview
`title `service `ever `transport `over `feeling `benefit
`recent `tower com`plete income `plete un`healthy un`pleasant
en`vironment de`velopment impo`lite al`though re`turn con`venient un`kind
de`scribe un`lucky
2.不完全爆破
a(c)tually pea(k) tram proje(c)t develo(p)ment
I don’(t) wan(t) to play with you any more.
3.句子重音和语调
`Where is my ↘food?
Have you `seen my ↗food?
Has the `place `changed a ↗lot?
Were `there any `shops in the↗sea?
二、词汇
1.单词
past, present, tram, since, actually, block, marry, dentist, stall, temple, closing, land, safely, open, lonely, complete, incomplete, unhealthy, unkind, lucky, unlucky, impolite, unpleasant, project, service, return, ever, just, jet, own, over, feeling, fresh, recent, tower, board, check.
2.词组
light rail 轻轨
a bit 有点儿
on one’s own 独立地
market stall 零售货摊
in fact 事实上
open space 空地
take off 起飞
the Kowloon Walled City 九龙城
Chinese medicine shops 中药店
Chinese restaurants 中国餐馆
Chinese chess 中国象棋
play cards 打牌
move to another flat 搬到另一座公寓
in the past 在过去
miss my old friends 想念我的老朋友
feel a bit lonely 感到有点孤独
the closing of the old airport 关闭老机场
三、日常用语
When I was younger, I walked to school.当我很小时,我就走着上学。
How did you go to school? 你是怎样去学校的?
Have you seen any films recently?你最近看过电影吗?
Let me tell you.让我来告诉你。
四、语法:现在完成时
A.现在完成时的构成
1.现在完成时的基本句式是have/has+过去分词。例如:
I have seen that film.我看过那部电影。
We have just finished our homework.我们刚刚做完家庭作业。
She has gone home.她回家去了。
【注意】该句式中的have或has是助动词,has用于第三人称单数,其他人称一律用have。该句式中have/has和过去分词之间可插入just,译成汉语时,往往用“已经”、“刚刚”、“过”或“了”等这类词。
2.现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词have或has提到主语之前。例如:
Have you read this book yet?你读过这本书吗?
Has he eaten that apple yet?他吃了那个苹果了吗?
【注意】现在完成时的一般疑问句往往在句末加yet。把现在完成时的一般疑问句译成汉语时,往往表示“……过吗?”“还没有……吗?”等。其肯定回答用Yes,主语+ have/has。否定回答用No,主语+haven’t/hasn’t.有时用 No,not yet.或 No,never.
3.现在完成时的否定句式是have/has not +过去分词。例如:
We haven’t studied Book III yet.我们还没有学过第三册课本。
The car hasn’t stopped yet.汽车还没有停下来。
【注意】现在完成时的否定句往往也在句末加yet;译成汉语表示“还没有……”之意。
B.现在完成时的用法
现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态,可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在(包括“现在”在内)的一段时间的状语连用。表示持续动作或状态的动词多是延续性动词。现在完成时可以和already, never, ever, just, before, yet等状语连用;它不能和表示过去的时间状语连用。如:yesterday, last night, three weeks ago, in 1990等。 例如:
I’ve known Li Lei for three years. 我认识李雷已经三年了。(现在我们彼此熟悉。)
—Have you had your lunch yet?—Yes,I have.I’ve just had it.
—你吃过中饭了吗?—是的,我吃过,我刚刚吃过。(现在我不饿了。)
I have seen the film. 我看过这部电影。(我了解这部电影的内容。)
He has lived here since 1992.
1992年以来他一直住在这里。(他现在还住在这里。)
I have read this book this April.我今年四月份看过这本书。(讲话时仍然是四月份)
I have written two letters this morning.今天上午我写了两封信。(讲话时仍然是上午)
She has taught us since I came to this school.
自从我来这个学校她就教我们。(现在她仍然还教我们。)
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