【知识讲解】
1.Let me take you out for a few days.让我带你出去过几天。
take you out for a few days是不带to的动词不定式,在句中作宾语补足语。let后面跟不带to的动词不定式,作宾语补足语,类似的动词还有see, hear, watch, feel, notice, make, have等。例如:
Let me hear you play.让我来听一听你演奏。(hear you play是宾语me的补足语;play又是宾语you的补足语。)
2.I don’t think it’ll be a holiday for me.我想对我来说,那将不是假期。
谓语动词think后面跟的it’ll be a holiday for me是宾语从句,当宾语从句中的意思是否定意思,应该在谓语动词上进行否定。类似think的单词还有believe, suppose, expect等动词,这些动词引起的宾语从句中,有时宾语从句中的谓语尽管是否定意思,却不用否定形式,而在主句谓语动词think等变为否定形式。如:
I don’t think you are right.我想你是不对的。
I don’t believe they’ve finished their work yet.我相信他们还没有干完。
I don’t suppose he cares, does he?我看他不在乎,对吧?
He doesn’t expect we need worry.他认为我们不必着急。
I don’t think so(=I think not).我看情况并不如此。
3.Mum and I went to Hello Kitty’s house as soon as we arrived.
as soon as…“一……就……”,引导的是时间状语从句。例如:
As soon as he arrived in France, he called me.他一到法国,就给我打电话。
He left as soon as he heard the news.他一听到这事儿就走了。
I’ll tell him as soon as I see him.我一见到他就告诉他。
He didn’t arrive as soon as we’d hoped.他到达的时间比我们预期的要迟。
4.I was excited even though we had to wait for two hours before we could get into the house.
在我们进入这房子之前尽管还要等两个小时,我还是很激动。
①(I was)excited形容词,在句中作表语;还可以在句中作定语。例如:
The excited children forgot to take the presents to the party.
孩子们兴奋得忘了把礼物带到聚会上了。
② even though引导的是让步状语从句,“虽然,尽管;即使”。例如:
Even though he is eighty, he looks strong and healthy.
即使他八十岁了,他仍然看上去很强壮和健康。
③ before(we could get into the house)连词,引导的是时间状语从句。例如:
You must finish your homework before you want to play basketball.
在你想打篮球之前,你必须完成家庭作业。
It may be many years before we meet again.
大概要过许多年我们才能再见。
5.Everything there was so beautiful that I wanted to live in it.
那儿的一切事情都是那么美丽,以致我想在那儿居住。
so…that…“如此……,以致……”,引导结果状语从句。例如:
He was so ill that we had to send for a doctor.他病得很重,我们只好给他请医生了。
【注意】so…that(not)=too…to…的句型,“太……,以致不能……”。例如:
He was so weak that he couldn’t walk on.他身体太弱,以致他再也走不动了。
=He was too weak to walk on.
The book is so difficult that children could not read it.这本书太难了,孩子们看不懂。
= The book is too difficult for children to read.
This boy is so young that he couldn’t go to school. 这个小男孩年龄太小,不能上学。
=This boy is too young to go to school.
Their clothes were so colorful that I could not stop taking photos.(本课)
= Their clothes were too colorful for me to stop taking photos.
6.I am sure you will love it.我肯定你会喜欢它。
be sure“确定;确信”,后面跟宾语从句。例如:
I’m not sure when I saw her last.我不能确定上一次看见她是什么时候。
I am sure he’s coming.我确信他会来的。
Can we be sure that she’s honest?我们能相信她是诚实的吗?
be sure后面还可以跟of介词短语。例如:
Are you sure of your facts?你能肯定你的资料属实吗?
be sure后面还可以跟动词不定式。例如:
If you’re not sure how to do it, ask me.假若你拿不准怎样做,就来问我好了。
7.We were clapping our hands while they were marching across the park.
当他们走到公园时,我们鼓掌(欢迎)。
while连词,“当……时候”,while常表示一段较长的时间或一个过程,强调主句的动词和从句的动词所表示的动作或状态是同时发生的。例如:
While Mary was writing a letter, the children were playing outside.
玛丽写信时孩子们都在外面玩。
Please keep quiet while others are studying.
在别人学习的时候,请保持安静。
when既可指较短的时间(即某一点时间),也可指一段时间。主句和从句中的动作可以同时发生,也可以先后发生。例如:
I’ll go home when I have finished my job.我完成工作再回家(动作先后发生)。
as与以上两词同义,常可与when或while通用,但它着重指主句和从句中动作同时发生,不是一前一后。因此,常作“一面……一面”。例如:
As we walked, we talked.我们边走边谈。
【注意】
1)as, when 引导短暂性动作的动词。 Just as / Just when / When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. 2)当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前,只能用when 引导这个从句,不可用as 或 while。 When you have finished your work, you may have a rest. 3)从句表示"随时间推移"连词能用as,不用when 或while。 As the day went on, the weather got worse. 日子一天天过去,天气越变越坏。
8.We are going to visit the city centre of Tokyo tomorrow.
我们准备明天去参观东京市中心。
be going to+动词原形,强调人们主观打算、计划、安排、决定将要做的事情,这些事情受人们主观和客观条件限制,也许将准备要干的事情会取消。例如:
We are going to the zoo next Sunday.
下个星期天我们准备去动物园。(如果下雨,我们就不去了。)
will是一般将来时的一种常见形式,可以用于所有人称;它主要强调时间发生在“将来”,是客观存在,不以人们意志为转移的。例如:
We will come to see you next Sunday.
下个星期天我们将来看你。(无论发生什么事我们都会来看你)
Tomorrow will be Thursday.
明天是星期四。(无论明天刮风下雨,还是下雪,都是星期四,是不以人们意志为转移的。
【注意】
(1)在表示“带意愿色彩的将来”时,常用will,例如:
I’ll give you a hand.我愿意帮你。
(2)在问对方是否愿意,或表示客气的邀请或命令,常用will,例如:
Will you go to the office with me?我愿意和我一起去办公室吗?
Will you please clean the blackboard?你能擦一下黑板吗?
(3)在表示建议或征求对方意见时,可用shall,例如:
Shall we go home now?我们能现在回家吗?
Shall I put my handbag here?我能把我的包放在这里吗?
9.I have taken lots of photos here.我在这儿照了许多照片。
①lots of=a lot of, “许多”,只用于肯定句中,既可以修饰可数名词的复数形式;又可以修饰不可数名词。例如:
There are lots of/a lot of trees on the hill.山上有许多树。
We have a lot of/lots of vegetables every day.我们每天都吃许多蔬菜。
There was lots of money in the safe.保险柜里有很多钱。
②take photo,“照相”,photo的复数形式只要加s。例如:
Don’t take photos when you visit the History Museum.
参观历史博物馆,不准照相。
10.Is there anything I can do for you?
这句话的字面意思是“我能为你做什么吗?”,通常翻译为“你需要(购买)点什么?”
=What can I do for you?
=Can I help you?
这是营业员为了接待顾客所讲的礼貌用语。一般不需要正面回答,只需要回答“你来的目的或你所需要购买的东西”。例如:
What can I do for you?你要点什么?
I want to buy some oranges.我想买点桔子。
Can I help you? 你要点什么?
I’d like to buy a history book.我想买本历史书。 |