【课文分析】
1．He became interested in flying ever since he took his first flight at the age of six.
①become interest in 开始对……感兴趣。
We have become interested in science.
我们开始对科学感兴趣了。
和interest有关的短语还有：
show interest in sth.（interest是名词）表现出对……的兴趣。如：
My son is already showing an interest in music.
我儿子已经表现出对音乐的兴趣。
be interested in对……感兴趣。如：
Are you interested in football?
你对足球感兴趣吗。
②at the age of 在……岁时
He can’t understand such a thing at the age of ten.
在他10岁时，他不明白那样的事。
I began to learn English at the age of six.
我六岁时开始学英语。
2．In his spare time, he built model aeroplanes and wind tunnels to test the model aeroplanes.
spare 作形容词时意为“空闲的”
in one’s spare time 在某人的空闲时间。如：
What does Amy usually do in her spare time?
艾米在业余时间里一般做什么呢？
spare 作动词时意为“让给，腾出”。如：
Can you spare me five minutes?
你能腾出五分钟和我谈谈吗？
3．Armstrong studied engineering and later joined the navy in 1949.
①later“后来，之后”
Later he decided to taste the hot mixture.
后来他决定尝一下这种热的混合物。
I’ll give you further details later.
我以后会告诉你更多的细节。
②join “加入”
Do come and join us.
一定要来参加我们的活动。
Xiao Ming is old enough to join the army.
小明到了参军的年龄。
4．He worked as a naval pilot for three years.
①句中的as是介词，表示“作为”。如：
What do you do every day as a librarian?
作为图书管理员，你每天都做什么？
She has worked as a cleaner in this hospital for 5 years.
她在这家医院作清洁工五年了。
I wrote on the ground with a stick as a pen.
我拿木棍当笔在地上写字。
As a teacher, he always answers our questions carefully.
作为一名教师，他总是认真地回答我们的问题。
②for 后面经常跟一个时间段，如：
I have been an English teacher for three years.
我已经做英语老师三年了。
We haven’t seen each other for 10 years.
我们十年没见过彼此了。
5．In 1962, he was selected to become an astronaut.
select“挑选，精选”
Four skiers will be selected to represent each country.
每个国家将选出四名滑雪者作为代表。
辨析：choose, select, pick
这组动词都有“挑选”的意思。
①choose 强调在“选择”某物时的意愿，特别是当供挑选物只有两个时，我们应当用choose。如：
I am not sure which sweater I should choose.
我不确定我应该选哪一件毛衣。
②有好几个东西供选择时，最好用 select。因为有较多的被挑选物，挑选人就必须加以鉴别。如：
He was selected as the representative of our team.
他被选为我们队的代表。
③pick 在用作“挑选”时，不强调鉴别，也不强调意愿。
Tom picked a red shirt because he liked red.
汤姆挑选一件红衬衣，因为他喜欢红颜色。
6．However, the spacecraft began spinning out of control while in space.
out of control“失去控制，不在……控制范围之内”，如：
It was obvious （that）the car was out of control of the driver.
很显然那位司机控制不了他的车了。
反义词组under control “在……控制之下”，如：
The fire went on for some time before it was brought under control.
火灾持续了一段时间以后才得到了控制。
7．Together with Edwin Aldrin, he landed the spacecraft on the moon.
①together with“和……一起”，如：
He did his homework together with his friends.
他和他的朋友一起做的作业。
②land 做动词意为“着陆”，如：
The plane landed on the airport safely.
飞机在机场安全着陆了。
8．They collected many rock samples to take back to Earth for further research.
①collect“收集，聚集”
By the end of that year Henry had collected more than one thousand foreign stamps.
到那年年底，亨利已经收集了一千多张外国邮票。
Zhang Hui called up Sue to tell her what she had collected.
张卉打电话给苏告诉她自己收集了什么。
His hobby is collecting stamps.
他的爱好是集邮。
②further“更深远的”
She will go abroad for further study.
她要去国外深造。
【重点难点】
farther与further区别：
farther和further都是far的比较级，可用作形容词和副词，两者都可指距离，有“更远的”之意，farther比further更普通些，二者可换用。但further还有“更多，进一步；额外”等含义，而furthest还有“最程度的”含义。如：
I’ll give you further details later.
我以后会告诉你更多的细节。
9．The US government has never said that these reports are true, but many people believe that aliens were watching the astronauts when they landed, and that they were trying to warn Armstrong and Aldrin to stay away.
①believe“相信”，如：
Almost no one believes her.
几乎没人相信她。
We believe that he will become a famous writer in the end.
我们相信他最终将成为一名有名的作家。
believe in “信任”
To tell the truth, I don’t believe in him myself.
说实话，我自己也不信任他。
②try “努力，尝试”
We should try it again.
我们应该再试一次。
try的常用搭配：
A. try to do 试图做事/ try one’s best to do.
He tried to solve the problem, but he could not.
他试图去解决这个问题，但他解决不了。
We must try our best to learn English well.
我们应该尽我们最大的努力把英语学好。
B. try out 试用、试验
They are trying out new teaching methods.
他们正在实验新的教学方法。
You can try out the radio before you buy it.
你在买收音机之前可以试听一下。
C. try doing sth 试一试、尝试
I tried lifting the stone up, but I failed.
我尝试着把石头举起来，但失败了。
He tried writing with a brush.
他试着用毛笔写字。
③warn“警告”
They called and warned me that they might be delayed.
他们打来电话，预先告诉我他们可能耽搁一会儿。
warn sb. to do sth. 警告某人做某事
10．It is said that Neil Armstrong sent a message to Mission Control which said that two large, strange objects landed near them and were watching them.
It is said that…“据说……”, It is believed that （相信），It is reported that （据报道）等结构中常用被动语态。如：
It is said that China is one of the most beautiful countries in the world.
据说中国是世界上最美丽的国家之一。
It is reported that a new road will be built here.
据报道这里将修建一条新路。
It is thought that over 500 people went to the concert that night.
据估计那晚有五百多人去听了音乐会。
It is said that he has been abroad twice.
据说他出过两次国。
It is believed that the new manager will be fit for the position.
人们相信这个新经理会称职的。
11．Neil Armstrong was awarded the Medal of Freedom.
award v. 颁发、授与、赏给
He was awarded the first prize.
他获得了第一名的奖励。
award n. 作过决定而赠与之物（奖品等）
His horse was given the highest award at the show.
他的马在展览会中得到最高奖。
award n. 助学金
Vocabulary
1．If you truly love someone, you should also love everything that is close to him/her.
①truly adv.“真的，的确是”
I truly love swimming.
我真的是很喜欢游泳。
②be close to
get close to…到……的近旁。例如：
I got close to the crowd to see what they were doing．
我走近人群，看看他们在做什么。
2．When the person in power is absent, people will do as they like.
①in power “掌握权力”
②absent“缺勤”
Who is absent today?
今天谁不在?
③as 引导方式状语从句，表示“以……方式”，“按照……”，“如……”。如：
When at Rome do as the Romans do.
入乡随俗。
I have changed it as you suggested.
我已经按照你的建议把它修改了。
【语法讲解】
A．限制性定语从句
定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。
关系代词或者关系副词所引出的定语从句如有限定或确定先行词的作用，即为限制用法。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的定语。对句意的明确性起着重要的作用。如果省去，往往会使主句的意思不完整、不明确。由于这种不可分的特点。故在使用中不用逗号隔开。
The woman who is wearing a red dress is Mrs Green.
那个穿红礼服的女人上格林夫人。
The city where I live is beautiful.
我居住的城市很美丽。
We shouldn’t eat fruit that are green
我们不能吃还是绿色的水果（没有熟的水果）。
who is wearing a red dress ,where I live, that are green 这些是分别是这3个句子的定语从句，去掉它们句子的意思就不完整了。
B．关系代词
在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。引导定语从句的词称为关系词，有关系代词和关系副词两类。在本单元中，我们只涉及到关系代词。
引导定语从句的关系代词主要是who/whom/whose/that/which。关系代词在句子中所能作的成份，如下表所示：
1) who引导，修饰前面指人的名词或代词，做该定语从句的主语。如：
He who doesn’t study hard won’t pass the exam.
谁不认真学习他就考试及格不了。
Do you know the young woman who is talking with Jim?
你认识那个正在和吉姆说话的年轻妇女吗？
2) whom引导，修饰前面指人的名词或代词，作该定语从句的宾语，whom在定语从句中可以省略。
Do you know the young woman (whom) Jim is talking with?
你认识那个吉姆正在和她讲话的年轻妇女吗？
3) whose引导，其修饰的词可以是人也可以是物，在从句中whose作其后接名词的定语
This is the famous singer whose songs are popular all over the world.
这就是那个歌曲在全球流行的著名歌手。
Every morning I go to the park whose gate is never locked.
每天早晨我都去那个从不关门的公园。
4) that引导，可指人也可指物，在从句中可以作主语或宾语，作宾语时that可省略。
That is the only movie (that) I’d like to see.
那是我唯一喜欢看的一部电影。
5) which引导，可指人也可指物，在从句中可以作主语或宾语，作宾语时which可省略。
Beijing is a city which has a long history.
北京是一个历史悠久的城市。
I’m looking for the hat (which) my mother gave to me for my birthday.
我正在找那顶我妈妈送给我做生日礼物的帽子。
Integrated Skills
1．Because he was a very brave man to go to a place that was unknown to humans at that time.
①unknown “不知道的，不出名的”
Whose method is better is unknown.
还不知道谁的方法更好。
When the sound lab will be built is unknown.
语音实验室何时建成还不知道。
He was still an unknown writer at the age of 25.
他25岁的时候还是个不出名的作家。
②at that time“在那时”
At that time, the leaders were searching for a holiday that could bring the people together as one nation.
当时领导人正在寻找一个能够把全体民众团结在一起的节日。
Can’t you picture how she felt at that time?
难道你不能想象一下她当时的感受吗？
2．Because X-rays are now used all over the world to help doctors save lives.
①use“用来……”
What's it used for?
它被用来做什么？(它是干什么用的？)
It is used for drinking sth.
它是喝水用的。
②all over the world“全世界”
He is going to travel all over the world by plane.
他打算乘飞机环游世界。
English is used by travelers and business people all over the world.
世界各地的旅行者和商人都使用英语。
③save “救”
At the end of the film, the child was saved.
在影片结束时，那个孩子获救了。
We’re trying to save the manatees.
我们正在尽力挽救海牛。
save money存钱
We’ll have to save some money for our old age.
我们得存一些钱养老。
Main Task
1．turning point in her life
人生的转折点
a turning point in our country’s industrial development.
我国工业发展的一个转折点
2．gave up everything for others
give up 放弃，中止，后面接名词或动名词。如：
He had to give up his studies through lack of money.
由于没钱，他不得不辍学。
I’ve given up eating meat.
我不吃肉了。
She has given the idea up.
她已经放弃了这一想法。
He never gives up trying.
他从不放弃尝试。
另外，give in表示“屈服”，“让步”。如：
The boy kept asking his mother for more sugars, and finally his mother gave in.
这个小孩一直找他妈妈要糖，最后他妈妈还是给他了。
3．This is what I found out about her.
find out“找出”
They are trying to find out who broke the window.
他们正在试图找出是谁打破了窗户。
find 和 find out的区别：
①find一般表示偶然发现，找到等，还可以有“认为”、“觉得”的意思，所以其后常常可以有复合宾语，而形容词，不定式就可作宾语补足语了。如：
They found it interesting to fly a kite. 他们觉得放风筝很有趣。
宾补
We found her to study very hard. 我们认为她非常努力学习。
宾补
②find out 指经过努力去弄清楚一件事情，常侧重于“询问”，“打听”等意思，后面常接比较难找到的东西，可接名词或者是宾语从句。如：
Can you find out who broke the vase?
你能查出是谁打破了花瓶吗？
4．She became a nun in Ireland and left for India in 1929.
leave for“动身去……”
When will you leave Beijing?
你们什么时候离开北京?
而leave…for…表示“离开……去……”。如：
We are leaving Beijing for Shanghai.
我们将离开北京去上海。（leave此句中是及物动词）
When are you leaving for London?
什么时候你将动身去伦敦？（leave此句中是不及物动词）
5．She will always be remembered for devoting her life to caring for the poor.
remember for“因……而怀念”
The soldier is always remembered for his bravery in the war.
那位士兵在战争中表现英勇人们永远怀念他。
I will always remember the old man for his kindness.
我会永远因他的和善而怀念这位老人。
Checkout
1．Edison is famous around the world for the light bulb that he invented.
be famous for 以…而闻名
The country is famous for its lakes.
这个国家以湖出名。
be famous as 以…（身份）而闻名；是知名的…
Einstein was famous as a great scientist.
爱因斯坦以科学家的身份而闻名。
be famous to （对某人来说）是闻名的；在…中有名气
The pop singer is famous to young people.
这个流行歌手在年轻人中有名气。
2．Albert Einstein is the scientist who worked out the famous equation.
work out“做出，指定出”
They find out a new method to work out the difficult math problem.
他们找到了一个新办法解决这个数学难题。
He can hardly work out the problem, can he?
他几乎不能解决这个问题，是吗？
|
淮安
