【难点解析】
1．I am delighted to have been invited to your school to talk to you about the history and significance of the Olympic Games.
我感到非常荣幸能被邀请到贵校与大家一块谈论奥运会的历史及其重要性。
（1）delight 作名词是“快乐，乐事”。例如：
We were wild with delight when we heard the news.
当听到这个消息我们极度兴奋。
To the delight of the child，his father bought a bike for him.
让这个孩子高兴的是他父亲给他买了一辆自行车。
To his delight，he succeeded in the Entrance Exami-nations.
让他兴奋的是他高考上榜了。
作动词是“使快乐，使愉快”（程度比pleased强）。例如：
The news delighted the whole nation.
这个消息使得全国上下一片欢乐。
delighted 作形容词是“自己感到满意的，自己感到愉快的”。
He is delighted at / by the results.
他听到那消息感到高兴。
She is delighted with your work.
她对你们的工作很满意。
We were very delighted at the good news.(when we heard the news)
当我们听到这个好消息时，我们感到非常高兴。
（2）significance n. 意义，重要性
significance和 importance都是指重要的、有影响的或者值得注意或尊敬的状况或性质。
但significance指的是赋予其特殊意义或价值的事物的性质，通常不明显。例如：
Your vote can be of real significance in the outcome of the election.
你们的投票对于选举的最后结果可能有重大的意义。
而importance是最通用的，例如：
The importance of a proper diet in maintaining health should not be disregarded.
正确的饮食习惯在维护健康方面的重要性不容忽视。
In this profession, training and experience are of equal importance.
在这个行业中，培训和经验有着相等的重要性。
Cartoonists are considered by some to be artists of secondary importance.
漫画家被有些人认为是第二等重要的艺术家。
2．I'll briefly share some interesting facts and stories with you, so we can save time for questions at the end.
我将简要地和大家分享一些有趣的故事，以便最后能留点时间给大家提问。
briefly adv. 简短地；简洁地
Please tell me briefly what happened.
请简要地告诉我发生什么事了。
He already spoke very briefly tonight.
他今晚讲话已经很简洁了。
He always speaks briefly.
他向来讲话简洁。
brief adj. 简短的；简洁的
He rose and made a brief speech.
他站了起来做了个简短的演说。
He gave a brief introduction at first.
他首先做了个简短的介绍。
In brief, he is no longer a stranger here.
总而言之，在这儿他不再是个陌生人了。
His explanation was brief and to the point.
他的解释既简洁又切中问题的要点。
3．At the ancient games, the athletes were all men and they had to compete wearing no clothes.
在古代的奥运会中，运动员全部是男性并且他们要赤裸着比赛。
（1）compete vt. 比赛，竞赛。例如：
Although there were only 4 horses competing, it was an exciting race.
尽管只有四匹马参赛，但它仍不失为一场精彩的比赛。
All these countries competed in the trade(贸易).
所有的国家都在贸易上进行竞争。
competitor n. 竞赛者，比赛者。例如：
The number of the competitors is 40.
比赛者的人数是40。
competition n. 比赛；竞争（作“比赛”解时是可数名词，作“竞争”解时是不可数名词）。例如：
It was a friendly competition.
这是一场友谊赛。
There is more competition than before.
竞争比以前激烈多了。
（2）compete wearing no clothes相当于compete without wearing clothes。
He went to school eating no food/nothing. =He went to school without eating anything.
他什么都没吃就上学去了。
4．Unmarried women are allowed to take part in their own competition at a separate festival in honour of the wife of the Greek god Zeus.
未婚妇女被允许参加一个独立的节日属于她们自己的比赛以此来纪念希腊国王宙斯的妻子。
（1）allow允许做某事
Nobody is allowed to hunt here.
此处禁止打猎。
Allow me to present my friend to you.
请允许我把我的朋友介绍给你。
I'm sorry，but it's not allowed.
很抱歉，这是不允许的。
Mother doesn't allow me to go out at night.
妈妈不允许我晚上外出。
They didn't allow smoking here.
这儿不允许吸烟。
（2）take part in参加大型的集体活动,并且表示在里面以积极的态度起作用。例如：
I took part in the sports meet.
我参加了运动会。
Did you take part in the meeting yesterday?
你昨天参加会议了吗？
（3）separate作形容词是“单独的，各自的”，作动词是“分开，分离”。例如：
Bob will separate the bad apples from the good ones.
鲍勃要把坏苹果与好苹果分开来。
He separated the boys from the girls.
Please cut it into three separate parts.
请把它分成3份。
Keep the onions separate from the bread or they'll make it smell.
把洋葱和面包分开放，否则面包会有味儿。
live separate
分居。
The children sleep in separate beds.
孩子们分床睡的。
（4）in honour of 为纪念, 为庆祝
A celebration was held in honour of the Party's birthday.
召开了一个庆祝活动以纪念党的生日。
A dinner was given in honour of the delegation.
安排了一场晚宴以庆祝代表团的到来。
be honoured as 被尊为……。
She is honoured as a model teacher.
她被授予模范教师的称号。
It is an honour to do=sb. has the honour to do 某人荣幸地干……
I have the honour to inform you that you have got the first.
我十分荣幸地通知你，你获得第一名。
It is an honour to me to attend the meeting.
参加这个会，对我来说是一种荣誉。
5．Only Greek men were allowed to compete.
只有希腊人才被允许参加比赛。
在此句中Only Greek men 做主语, 不需要倒装。但在复合句中语序需倒装。例如：
Only in this way can you learn English well.
只有用这种方式你才能学好英语。
Only when you reach 18 can you join the army.
你只有到了18岁才能参军。
Only then did I realize the importance of mastering English grammar rules.
到那时，我才意识到掌握英语语法规则的重要性。
6．His dream was that the Olympic Games would make impossible for countries and people to live peacefully and side by side.
他的梦想就是奥运会能够使人们不分国界民族的肩并肩地和平地生活。
side by side = close together with并肩地；紧挨地
I saw two pictures hanging side by side on the wall over the sofa.
我看到在沙发上方的墙上，并排挂着两幅画。
I saw them sitting side by side on the long chairs.
我看见他们并排坐在长椅上。
注意不要在名词前加冠词。类似的还有：hand in hand 并进；联合；手牵着手；和……一道；密切联系。neck and neck并驾齐驱，不相上下，势均力敌； shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩；arm in arm 臂挽臂。例如：
Doctors and nurses work hand in hand to heal the wounded and rescue the dying.
医生和护士密切配合，救死扶伤。
The two sportsmen ran neck and neck until the very end.
两名运动员直到钟点都跑的不分前后。
The soldiers and villagers fought against the flood shoulder to shoulder.
军民肩并肩地进行抗洪。
They walked along the riverbank arm in arm.
他们挽着胳膊沿着河边散步。
7．Haile Gebrselassie from Ethiopia is widely recognized as the greatest distance runner of all time.
来自埃塞俄比亚的海里. 哥卜斯拉塞被广泛认为水整个时期最伟大的长跑运动员。
be recognized as意为“认为……是真的”。
Smoking is recognized as a leading cause of lung cancer.
吸烟被认为是导致肺癌的主要原因。
Mao Zedong's words has ever been recognized as the greatest truth.
******语录曾被认为是最伟大的真理。
8．In 1995 he broke the world record for the 10 km run and won the gold at both the 1996 Atlanta Olympics and the 2000 Sydney Olympics.
break the record 意为“打破记录”。
He did rather well，but failed to break the record.
他做的相当好了但没有打破记录。
The athlete did everything he could to break the record.
这个运动员尽自己最大的努力去打破记录。
9．At the 2004 Athens Olympic Games, Liu Xiang excited people all over Asia when he became the first Asian to win the gold medal in the men's 110-meter hurdles.
在2004雅典奥运会上，刘翔成为第一个赢得男子110米栏赛金牌的亚洲人使所有亚洲人兴奋不已。
excited 是“使兴奋，被感到”。
Don't get excited, boys and girls.
孩子们，不要激动。
He is easily excited.
他很容易激动。
It's nothing to get excited about.
这没有什么值得兴奋的。
All who heard the news were excited.
所有听到这消息的人都感到兴奋。
He was so excited that he couldn't say a word.
他十分激动，以致一句话都说不出来。
As he read on, I became excited.
当他往下念时, 我变得激动起来。
10．There are some of the Olympians who have brought joy to people across the world with their attempts to push the limits of human achievement.
有一些曾经带给全世界人民欢乐的奥运会选手在试图将人类的成就推向顶峰。
（1）句中的who作为一个关系代词引导定语从句，先行词通常是人。例如：
The men who have made a lot of money do not know what to do with their money.
赚了好多钱的这些人不知用这些钱干什么。
A famous writer who/whom the Japanese invited to give a lecture at a university was visiting Japan now.
被日本人邀请去一所大学作报告的著名作家正在日本访问。
（2）短语with their attempts 用作状语意为“他们在试着努力推动”。
attempt意为“尝试, 企图” 动词，例如：
I attempted to read the entire novel in one afternoon.
我试图一下午把整本小说看完。
The boys attempted to leave the house, but were stopped by their parents.
男孩子们试图出去，但被父母阻止了。
You're still very weak. Don't attempt to get up.
你还很虚弱，别起来。
The prisoners attempted to escape / an escape, but failed.
囚犯们想越狱，但失败了。
attempt还可以做名词，意为“企图、试图、尝试”。例如：
We will make a new attempt to solve the problem.
我们将做新的尝试来解决这个问题。
11．We are looking forward to seeing more of them in the coming Olympics Games.
我们期望着在新的一届奥运会上看到更多的他们。
looking forward to（跟名词/动名词）意为“期望……”。
They looked forward to seeing him again.
他们期待着再次见到他。
The children are looking forward to the New Year.
孩子们期待新年的到来。
We are looking forward to having a party at the weekend.
我们盼望着周末开晚会。
The children are looking forward to the Spring Festival.
那些孩子们在盼着过新年。
I've been looking forward to it.
我一直期待这一天。
I look forward to your early reply.
我期待着你的早日回信。
12．I have been very busy training for my next competition.
我正在忙着为下一场比赛做训练。
Be busy doing sth.意为“忙于……”。
The doctors are busy operating on the patient.
医生正在忙着给病人做手术。
You are not busy doing anything, are you?
你现在不忙，对吗？
I was busy doing my homework all the time yesterday afternoon.
昨天下午我一直在忙着做作业。
13．A lot of successful players use a staring technique to make their opponents uncomfortable.
许多成功的运动员使用高级的技术挫败他们的竞争对手。
technique n. （常作可数名词）技术；方法
This will lead to the development of new techniques.
这将引导新技术的进步发展。
There are various teaching techniques that have to be learned before one can teaches well.
一个人要想教得好就要学不同的教学技巧。
He is learning the technique of painting.
他正在学习画画的技巧。
The special technique has been passed down over four generations.
那种技术已传了四代。
【辨析】technique 和 technology
technique 是可数名词，指做某事的方法或者技巧。technology 常作不可数名词，指经过科学和工业的生产过程的技术。例如：
advanced techniques 先进的技术。
chemical technology 化学工艺。
space technology 空间技术。
science and technology 科学和技术。
14．Today, players from China, South Korea and Germany among others play leading roles in the international table tennis competition.
今天，来自于中国，南韩及德国等其它一些国家的运动员们在国际乒乓球比赛中起着领导性的作用。
（1）leading adj. 意为“主导的, 最主要的，领导的，一流的”。例如：
The development of technology in many fields in our country has reached the leading level of the world.
我们的国家许多领域的科技发展已经达到世界领先水平。
Mrs Green always plays the leading part / role.
格林太太总是扮演主角。
Einstein was greatly respected as the leading scientist.
爱因斯坦被公认为最杰出的科学家，备受尊重。
（2）play a role in “在……中起作用”。
He wishes to take (play) the role of a king.
他想扮演国王。
Both of them wanted to play (take) the leading role.
他们俩都想演主角。
The U.N. plays an important role in international relations.
联合国在国际关系起着重要的作用。
Electricity plays an important part (role) in our daily life.
电在我们的生活中起着重要的作用。
15．Next, it must be practiced by men in at least 75 countries on at least four continents and practiced… 其次，要在至少四个大陆上的至少七十五个国家的男子中进行练习。
practise vt.练习，实践。后面跟动名词。例如：
I practised a year before I was able to teach.
我实习了一年才能进行教学。
The team is practising for the match on Sunday.
这个对正在为周日的比赛做训练。
I practise playing the piano every day.
我每天都练习弹钢琴。
类似的词还有：finish, enjoy , advise, allow, permit, forbid, deny, appreciate, consider, can't help, give up, put off… 这些词后面都要用名词作宾语。
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